Overall Impressions

General Impressions

All seven devices performed admirably.  No one device appeared to be clearly, substantially superior to the other six along such lines as design, functionality, and value.  Overall the initial set-up of each device was relatively easy—at least for a fully sighted person.  To improve the initial setup by blind and visually impaired individuals, the manufacturers should think step-by-step how a print-impaired person would proceed from opening the shipping box to successfully initializing the device.  Documentation and users guides generally were well-designed and easily accessible in a variety of formats. 

Of the seven devices reviewed, at least three lineages are discernable.  The Victor Reader Vibe, Telex Scholar, and Soul Player are descendants of portable CD players that have been on the consumer market for years.  Their hardware and software designs have been enhanced to make them more accessible by and useful to print-impaired users.  The Book Port and BookCourier are siblings in the large, raucous family of digital playback devices that contain no moving parts and use flash memory.  Although the Otis playback device currently used for Audible.com content has not yet met DAISY, Otis is another sibling to note in this family.  The Victor Classic Plus and the PTR1, on the other hand, seem to be descended from the analog audiocassette playback and recording devices.  Both devices are larger than the other five devices, sporting large buttons, with the really important ones in bright colors; and built-in speakers, thus making headphones or ear buds optional, not mandatory; and a very easy method, compared to the clamshell devices, for inserting and ejecting CDs. 

These devices display great ingenuity in the use of position, arrangement, differing materials, differing shapes, and protruding or recessed numbers, letters, or symbols on the buttons to aid navigation by the blind and visually impaired.  One would think, however, that a standard (official or de facto) practice in this area would emerge fairly quickly.  For end-users who will interact on a regular basis with more than one portable assistive technology, a standard scheme for buttons would be a boon, reducing the cognitive overload of needing to remember and reorient one’s self to each separate button configuration and tactility, regardless of how ingenious each one happens to be.

The text-to-speech (TTS) functionalities of the Book Port and BookCourier are attractive.  Although TTS currently is experiencing development pangs, the long-term prospects for the quality, versatility, and usefulness of TTS playback are encouraging.  A glimpse of these advantages is provided with these two devices.  For example, it is possible to have a word spelled.  A logical next step would be to include a good dictionary on the device, thus enabling the user to quickly access the meaning(s) of an unfamiliar word or a word used in an unusual context. 

One potential downside to the flash memory devices is that they rely more on file management and file transfer software loaded on the “mother ship” PC.  The added hassle and cognitive load of learning both the device functionality and the transfer software commands on a PC may dissuade or discourage some users of these devices. 

Victor Classic Plus

Although by the general expectations of today’s end-users both the size and the weight of the Victor Reader Classic Plus are near the upper limits of acceptable portability, the simplicity, ruggedness, and self-contained nature of the Classic Plus are very attractive.  The buttons are large, well-spaced, and well-differentiated by shape, color, and embossed icons.  The separate, single-function keys for raising and lowering the tone, volume, and speed of playback are much appreciated.   

PTR1 from Plextor

The PTR1 is far more expensive than the other six devices reviewed in this report.  As expected, it contains a wealth of functionality.  The PTR1 is as much a recording device as a playback device.  Each individual must decide if the additional functionality is worth the added cost.  One downside:  the English language version of the printed user’s guide appears to be a poor, garbled translation from another language.

Feedback from Actual User:    The relationship between features and price for the PTR1 is not very attractive.  The PTR1’s recording features are excellent, but as a playback device it is not exceptionally good.  One needed improvement is to increase the speed with which the PTR1 recognizes a new CD or memory card and navigates through the content. 

Victor Reader Vibe

The Victor Reader Vibe is sleek, attractive, lightweight playback device.  It offers much value for the price.  The three clamshell CD player devices—Vibe, Scholar, and Soul—seem to be in the most competitive category.      

Scholar from Telex

The Scholar is a little larger and less sleek than the Victor Vibe, but it works well.    

Soul Player DMP-206b from Soulmate Audiobooks

At $150, the Soul Player from Soulmate certainly is attractively priced, but don’t assume this is some stripped down, denuded device.  The Soul Player contains a rich set of functions, including some functions not found on the other devices reviewed in this report.  Like the Vibe and Scholar, the Soul Player is a clamshell type portable CD player.  A couple of downsides:  It cannot play DAISY books, and it provides few audible clues about what it is doing.     

Book Port from APH

The Book Port seems to be the most flexible and full-featured device of the seven reviewed here.  At present it seems to support the greatest variety of file types, but this could change soon.  The documentation for the Book Port declares that it was designed specifically for blind students and professionals. 

Feedback from Actual User:  The tradeoff between price and functionality for the Book Port is attractive.  One possible improvement would be to increase and improve the functional options for inputting find commands and notes. 

BookCourier from Springer Design

The BookCourier is one of the smaller and lighter devices reviewed.  The use of flash memory and the absence of moving parts make for a quiet device that turns on and off immediately.  Although the keypads of the Book Port and BookCourier are designed differently, the basic size and design of the device are suspiciously similar, as if they are just two different brands of the same basic automobile.  Feedback from Actual User:  Although the hardware of the two devices is the same, the software designs are different.

The thorough user guides for both the device and the transfer tool software that resides on the user’s PC are very well-organized and useful.  The fast forward and rewind functionalities of the BookCourier seemed more usable than similar features on the other devices reviewed.  The one time this reviewer was able to cause the device to malfunction (something about a memory overload), the audio voice went on an incessant tirade that continued until the device was reset. 


Recommendations

No Clear Best Product 

It is impossible to recommend one device over the other six.  The decision depends on what the end-user wants, needs, and can afford.  If the end-user does not like using ear buds or headphones, the Victor Reader Classic Plus seems like a good choice, although several other models reviewed can be hooked up to external speakers.  If you want or need to navigate and search through e-texts and digital audio files, the Book Port seems to have a rich set of supporting functionalities.

When the apparently reasonable question is asked, “Of these seven devices, which is the best?” the three different lines of designs and development become a challenge.  Although overall the Victor Reader Vibe appears to be a better CD player than the Telex Scholar and the Soul Player, and although the Book Port seems to be a better and more versatile flash memory audio device than the BookCourier, and although the PTR1 is a top of the line device compared to the more reasonably priced Victor Classic Plus, it is nearly impossible to meaningfully judge between the three finalists out of the pack of seven:  PTR1, Victor Vibe, and Book Port.  It is more difficult than the judgment of Paris, because the devices are so dissimilar.
 

Intermingle the Design Paradigms 

All of the devices reviewed are good playback devices.  Each device seems to spring from a different line of technological development.  Two are portable cassette players updated for CDs.  Several are portable CD players that have been DAISYfied and made more accessible.  A couple devices are flash memory devices that have been customized for audio playback and TTS.  At least one focuses on recording audio as much as ion playing the audio back.  Several have included a smattering of functionality from PDAs.

It is unfortunate that the three basic designs have not intermingled more.  A hybrid device that incorporates the best features and functionality of the cassette player redux, the CD player for the print-impaired, and the flash memory audio player would be welcome and useful to print-impaired users.  Additional functionality commonly found on PDAs and increasingly on cell phones also could be useful.  Several of the devices reviewed allow users to take audio notes and hear the current date and time, but many of the features and functionalities of current PDAs are missing from these devices.

Although we seem to be living in an era of pluralistic designs for consumer electronics, an era in which no single device dominates in the way that the black, rotary telephone once did, there may still be value in advocating some convergence in these designs.  In the U.S. the National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped (NLS) currently plans to roll out later this decade two device designs for digital audio books.  One will be simple in design, intended for readers who primarily read linearly for pleasure.  The other will be more complex, designed for readers who want to navigate through content in flexible ways for study and learning.  Quoting from the NLS Business Plan, “NLS expects to have 50,000 digital playback machines available for distribution by FY 2008. The plan is to have two types of machines, the predominant type intended for straight "linear" reading and the other with more-complex features.”
 

Single Device Access to Multiple File Types is Good

The collocation onto one portable device of various functionalities and access to a myriad of file types and information sources should be a boon to many print-impaired persons.  Simply being able to listen to work/study-related information, leisure reading, and music on one portable device more closely matches the daily information use habits of most people than did previous technologies for the print-impaired. 

We should not overlook or underestimate the obvious fact that these devices also are capable of playing music as well as voice audio recordings.  This multi-aural functionality should be welcome to many end-users.

It is regrettable, however, that two of the currently more popular file formats for digital documents and digital audio recordings—the file formats used by Adobe and Audible.com—evidently cannot be played by any of these devices.  Regardless of who is at fault, the end-users confront either a diminished universe of available content or a more arduous route for accessing this content.  It appears that this situation is about to change for the better, as Audible.com continues to expand the number of devices capable of playing its content.     

Standardize the Key Design a Bit

De facto standards for the design of the keys and the underlying functionalities would be welcome.  Most of the devices reviewed seemed to vaguely follow the basic layout of the numeric keypad on a telephone.  The Telex Scholar, Victor Vibe, and Soul Player, however, took a clue from the circularity of the CD disc and configured their buttons in a circular pattern.  The size of the buttons, their tactile nature (especially in comparison to the background surface), their concavity, convexity, raised and indented symbols, colors, and visible markings all vary widely from device to device.  This reviewer sees no reason why, similar to how all windows-based applications tend to follow the same basic interface model, with variations on that basic theme, the design of keys for portable digital devices for the print-impaired could not adopt a basic theme and set of best practices, with variations on that basic theme.  This would shorten the learning curve for everyone.

Encourage Formal Reviews From Actual Users Who Are Print-Impaired

Two limitations of the present review are:  the reviewer was sighted, and the reviewer was using the devices only for the purposes of evaluation.  We need to hear from actual, daily users of these devices. 

A small, informal attempt to glean comments and suggestions from actual users of these devices was made.  In March 2004 a six question survey was sent to several email lists and discussion groups.  Three responses were received.  These comments and suggestions from actual users of these devices have been made anonymous and inserted at appropriate places within the report.  For sighted readers of this report, the phrase Feedback from Actual User has been highlighted in gray to draw your attention.  For readers who have the ability to search for keywords in their browser and/or screen reader software, the word feedback is used only in this context. 

The six questions posed in the emailed survey were:

1. What is the primary quality, function, or feature of one or more of these seven devices that you would like to see added or improved?

 

2. What is the most disappointing or annoying quality, function, or feature of one or more of these seven devices? 

 

3. How important for you is non-linear navigation through a book?  For example, do you review the table of contents then jump to the chapter or section of particular interest?  Describe situations and types of books where non-linear navigation is particularly helpful for you.

 

4. Do you prefer to have the device provide an audible clue to each function it is performing?  If yes, would you like the device to pause and have a voice announce what function is being performed, use a set of distinctive tones to announce what function is being performed, or not pause playback and have a voice or sound quickly announce what is happening? 

 

5.      What do you particularly like or dislike about the design of the buttons or keys on one or more of these seven devices?  Aspects of key design include such things as the size, shape, tactile feel, arrangement, spacing, concavity or convexity, multi-function keys, and tangible marks on or near the keys, such as bumps, letters, and numbers.

 

6.  How important is price in your decision to purchase one device rather than another?